Corn and Callouses - Thick Skin and Cracked Heels

Corns and callouses are common foot problems caused by excessive pressure or friction on the skin. They may not be dangerous, but they can be very uncomfortable — especially when walking or wearing shoes.

At Orthotic Insoles, we often see patients who have tried to manage corns and callouses on their own but still struggle with pain and recurrence. Understanding the causes and treatment options is the first step towards lasting relief.

What are Corns?

Corns are small, circular areas of thickened skin that usually develop on the tops or sides of toes. They often have a hard centre surrounded by inflamed skin and can be quite painful when pressed.

‍Common causes include:
· Poorly fitting shoes (too tight or high-heeled)
· Toe deformities such as hammer toes or bunions
· Abnormal foot mechanics causing increased pressure

What are Callouses?

Callouses are broader, more diffuse areas of hard, thickened skin. They usually form on weight-bearing parts of the foot such as the ball, heel, or outer edge. Unlike corns, callouses are usually not as sharply painful, but they can still cause discomfort and may crack if very dry. They are also a sign of excessive pressure troug certain areas of the feet. This may be a sign of future injuries.

‍Typical causes:
· Repetitive friction or pressure from walking or running
‍· Flat feet or high arches altering pressure distribution
· Wearing shoes without adequate cushioning or support

What Are The Symptoms Corns And Callouses?

· Rough, thickened patches of skin on the toes or soles
· Pain or tenderness under pressure
· Hard, raised lumps (corns)
· Cracked or flaky skin in calloused areas
· Discomfort when wearing shoes

How Do Orthotic Insoles Help?

Orthotic insoles redistribute pressure away from problem areas, protecting against the friction that causes corns and callouses. By correcting foot mechanics and supporting the arch, orthotics help reduce recurrence and make walking more comfortable.

Regular use of urea-based foot creams helps keep the skin soft and flexible, preventing the build-up of hard, thickened areas. By reducing dryness and cracking, these creams make corns and callouses less painful and easier to manage. When starting with orthotics, we recommend using a cream alongside your insoles to reduce existing hard skin. Over time, the orthotics then work to redistribute pressure and minimise the chances of corns or callouses coming back.

What Orthotic Insoles Are Best For Corn/Callouses?

The best orthotic insoles for corns and callouses are those that reduce pressure on the exact spot where the hard skin develops. Because corns are caused by a very specific pressure point, and callouses by a wider area of friction, the insole must be designed to offload those regions.

‍Key features to look for include:
· Custom-made orthotics – tailored to your foot shape and pressure pattern, ensuring that high-pressure areas are relieved.
· Pressure-relief zones – cut-outs, padding, or metatarsal domes can protect bony prominences and spread weight more evenly.
· Arch support – helps correct foot mechanics, reducing abnormal loading that leads to recurring hard skin.
· Cushioning layers – absorb shock and soften impact on the heel and forefoot, where callouses often develop.